Closed - circuit Television (CCTV)

Closed-circuit television (CCTV) is the use of video cameras to broadcast a signal to a specific place, on a limited number of monitors.
It difficult from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point to point wireless links. CCTV is often used for watchman or CCTV monitor in areas that may need monitoring such as banks, casinos, airports, military installations, and convenience stores. A more advanced form of CCTV, utilizing Digital Video Recorders (DVRs), provides recording for possibly many years, with a variety of quality and performance options and extra features (such as motion-detection and email alerts).

People from the public nowadays using CCTV is particularly common in the UK, where there are reportedly more cameras per person than in any other country in the world. Usually, companies used these Cameras to secure their premises, and keep under watch. These companies could have valid equipment which will cost these companies a thousand of pound and losing time, so they take further to prevent theft crime.

Uses of CCTV:-

CCTV used for crime prevention and provide evidence to authorities, which can catch the criminal and decrease the amount of the crime happening. CCTV takes an important part of UK social to prevent crime and support people to live in save place.
Outside of the government special facilities, CCTV was developed seriously at different places such as:-

Banks: - During 70s and 80s the banks have a serious bank theft and they was increasing, so the bank took further step to tackle this type of crime

Town: - there are thousand of shops were located in shopping centre. when the night lift in UK became more active the crime increase, so the police and councils have took a serious step to prevent these crime by locating cameras in different location in the town centre.

Private companies: - Many companies provide a security offer to monitor the area every few hours to check the premises, but the security gay can't watch every single thing moving. Many companies placed a CCTV on their premises which can support to provide evidence and threaten the criminal to reach or come around these reigns.

Traffic monitor: - It can send an image to the police where any crime committee on the road or will be committee. This can provide quick helpline to injured person/people from the Ambulance. These cameras can provide evidence or location of criminal which police looking for.

Industrial process: - The natural of the large amount of the production which it been produce to large scale of the community, by placing and thing could effect the human. That could course to serious death in large scale of the community, and that can lead to many problems. CCTV is been located at different places in the industry, so the y can tackle and misbehavior or adding something to the original ingredient.

There is large number of employees which working with large machines. By locating these cameras in different location around these machines could prevent and support employees prevent accident or provide quick support if necessary.

Types of CCTV cameras:

Black and white cameras: These cameras are the cheapest, and they send black and white image through small monitor. This type camera does have surveillance to watch it all the time. Usually these cameras used to send signal and provide evidence, if naccessary and prevent crime.

Frame per second cameras (Digital): This camera has a poor quality of video, because it records a single image every second.

Pan Tilt Zoom (PTZ) Cameras: - These types of CCTV cameras allow a person controlling the surveillance of an area to move the camera remotely, usually with an RF or wired controller.

This camera has feature to monitor up, down, right and left.

Cameras with Special Accessories: - Certain CCTV cameras have special functions which are made for specialty uses. For example, there are very small surveillance cameras that are used for spying (Nanny Cams), there are cameras that are made for night viewing, cameras that are vandal resistant and cameras that are specifically made for indoor or outdoor uses

Type of recorders:

There are two major ways to record video images that your CCTV cameras capture; they are analog tape (VCR) and digital (DVR) video recorders:-

VCR Tape Recorder:-
A tape recorder such as a security-time lapse VCR can record CCTV camera images in either black and white or colour for either 2,4, 6, 8, etc all the way up to 960 hours which is 40 complete days. It records 30 frames per second and that will provide better quality of video. VCR's are very practical, very reliable and extremely affordable. Expect to pay only a few hundred pounds for a security VCR.

Digital Video Recorders:-
There are two types of DVR's (Digital Video Recorders). They are either stand alone devices or hard drives that are connected to a computer system. DVR's work similar to VCR's except the images they capture is one every second. The resolution that the DVR saves the video is MPEG4. So that mean the DVR give less resolution and shorter time. The amount the saving the DVR provide is 20 to 50 GB on hard drive in about 80 hours and that short time compare to VCR.